Coprosma ernodeoides, commonly known as black-fruited coprosma or kūkaenēnē, is a prostrate shrub endemic to the high-elevation ecosystems of Maui and Hawai‘i Island. This species is adapted to the unique environmental conditions found in subalpine and alpine zones, including open shrublands and lava fields. It typically grows to a height of 1-2 feet (0.3-0.6 meters) with a similar spread, forming dense mats that can help stabilize soil. The leaves of Coprosma ernodeoides are narrow, shiny, and dark green, contributing to the plant’s overall attractive appearance. The small, inconspicuous flowers are followed by distinctive shiny black fruit, which is a rarity among Hawaiian Coprosma species.

The black fruit of kūkaenēnē is not only a key food source for the native nēnē birds but also holds cultural significance, as Native Hawaiians historically used the fruit for lei making and the inner bark for dye. The name kūkaenēnē, meaning "nēnē dung," refers to the resemblance of the fruit to the feces of the nēnē. In cultivation, this plant is valued for its low-growing habit and unique fruit, making it suitable for rock gardens, alpine collections, and as ground cover in suitable climates. It thrives in full sun to part shade, requires well-drained soil, and is adapted to the dry conditions of its native habitat. While not commonly found in cultivation, it can be a conversation piece due to its ecological and cultural associations.CC BY-SA 4.0