Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum, commonly known as watercress, is a rapidly growing, aquatic or semi-aquatic perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. It is typically found in clear, slow-moving waterways such as streams and springs, often in calcareous soils, where it forms dense mats. Watercress thrives in cool climates and is known for its preference for clean, nutrient-rich water, making it an indicator of unpolluted water sources.

Watercress is valued for its edible leaves, stems, and small, white, zesty flowers that bloom from April to October, adding a peppery flavor to salads, sandwiches, and soups. The plant’s lush green foliage and delicate flowers also make it suitable for water gardens and ornamental pond edges. It requires consistently moist or submerged soil conditions, and although it prefers full sun, it can tolerate partial shade. Watercress is relatively easy to grow given the correct water conditions and can be harvested continuously. It is rich in vitamins and minerals, making it a nutritious addition to the diet. However, care should be taken as watercress can become invasive outside its native range, spreading quickly and potentially outcompeting native vegetation. It is also susceptible to diseases such as watercress yellow spot and pests like the flea beetle.CC BY-SA 4.0