Ranunculus neapolitanus, commonly known as Naples Buttercup or Lesser Celandine, is a perennial herb native to Central and Southern Europe, as well as North Africa. It is typically found in a variety of habitats including deciduous woodlands, meadows, and along stream banks, where it forms a low-growing carpet. This plant grows at a moderate rate to a height of 0.5-2 feet (0.15-0.6 meters) and a spread of 0.5-1 feet (0.2-0.3 meters). The Naples Buttercup is characterized by its glossy, dark green, heart-shaped leaves and bright yellow, showy flowers that bloom in early spring, providing an early source of nectar for pollinators.

The plant is valued for its early spring flowers and can be used as a ground cover in woodland gardens, borders, and naturalized areas. It is also appreciated for its ability to thrive in damp, shady conditions where other plants might struggle. Naples Buttercup prefers full sun to part shade and grows best in moist, well-drained soils such as clay, loam, or sandy soils. It requires medium amounts of water and can tolerate short periods of drought once established. While it is generally low-maintenance, it can become invasive in some areas, spreading rapidly by tuberous roots and self-seeding, which gardeners should be aware of when planting.CC BY-SA 4.0